Myoma during pregnancy is not always considered a serious problem, but it can cause symptoms such as pain and heavy bleeding and, depending on its location, size and number, it can also increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth, such as hemorrhage or premature birth. .
Uterine fibroids are a benign tumor that appears in the muscle that exists in the wall of the uterus and that does not always require specific treatment, and only rest and medications such as paracetamol and ibuprofen may be indicated to alleviate symptoms. Understand better what myoma is and its treatment.
If you suspect myoma during pregnancy, it is important to consult an obstetrician for an evaluation. When treatment is indicated, in addition to medication and rest, removal of the fibroid may be recommended even during pregnancy or childbirth in some cases.
Main symptoms
Myoma during pregnancy can cause symptoms such as:
- Pain in the abdomen or back;
- Bleeding;
- Feeling of heaviness in the abdomen;
- Frequent urge to urinate;
- Constipation.
Although it usually causes few or no symptoms, fibroids tend to increase in size during pregnancy, which can cause symptoms to appear or become more intense. Learn how to identify the main symptoms of uterine fibroids.
Risks of myoma during pregnancy
The main risks of myoma during pregnancy are:
- Miscarriage;
- Limitation of the baby’s growth;
- Part premature;
- Placental abruption;
- Need for a cesarean section;
- Placental developmental abnormalities, such as placenta previa;
- Bleeding after childbirth;
- Changes in the baby’s positioning in the uterus.
The risks tend to be greater depending on the size, location and number of fibroids, being higher especially in cases where the fibroids are large or numerous, affecting the shape of the uterus.
How the treatment is carried out
Treatment of myoma during pregnancy is not always necessary, however rest and the use of medications such as paracetamol or ibuprofen may be indicated in cases where symptoms such as pain and light bleeding occur. Understand better how myoma is treated.
Furthermore, surgery to remove the fibroid can also be indicated during pregnancy and can sometimes even be performed during childbirth. During pregnancy, surgery is generally indicated in case of intense and frequent pain, rapid growth of the fibroid or risk to the baby’s health, for example. Check out more indications for fibroid surgery and how it is done.
What is childbirth like in case of myoma?
Even in the case of fibroids during pregnancy, delivery can be normal, especially in women with small and few fibroids. However, a cesarean section may be recommended by the obstetrician when the fibroid:
- There is a high risk of bleeding after childbirth;
- It takes up a lot of space in the uterus, making it difficult for the baby to exit;
- It causes the baby to be positioned in the uterus unfavorable for normal birth;
- It affects a large part of the uterus wall, which can make it difficult to contract.
Furthermore, the choice of type of delivery can be discussed with the obstetrician, who takes into account the size, number and location of the fibroid, as well as the woman’s desire to have a natural birth or cesarean section.
An advantage of performing a cesarean section is the possibility of removing the fibroid during delivery in some cases.
Bibliography
- SALVATORE, Vitale; FRANCESCO, Padula; FERDINANDO, Gulino. Management of uterine fibroids in pregnancy. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Vol.27, n.6. 432-437, 2015
- COUTINHO, Larissa M. et al. Uterine Fibroids and Pregnancy: How Do They Affect Each Other?. Reprod Sci. Vol.29, n.8. 2145-2151, 2022
- GIULIANI, Emma; SANIE-AS, Sawsan; MARSH, Erica. Epidemiology and management of uterine fibroids. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. Vol.149, n.1. 3-9, 2020
- MILAZZO, Giusi N. et al. Myoma and myomectomy: Poor evidence concern in pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. Vol.43, n.12. 1789-1804, 2017
