Pink October is the month of the breast cancer prevention campaign. Support this cause too. Preventing yourself is an act of self-love.
In Brazil alone, more than 2 million cases of breast cancer are recorded. This type of cancer mainly affects women (rarely men) and occurs because of the multiplication of abnormal cells in the breast tissue. What can form a malignant tumor.
In the early stages, breast cancer has no symptoms. Therefore, the main sign that indicates its presence is the palpation of a hardened nodule. In addition to symptoms such as pain, redness, discharge from the nipples, among others.
Depending on the type and stage it is in, breast cancer may be curable. And that’s why prevention through self-examination and mammography are so important.
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Symptoms of breast cancer
The main symptoms of breast cancer involve the appearance of a hard lump in the breast (or near the armpits), which can be noticed through touching and self-examination of the breast.
Liquid coming out of the nipple when pressed can sometimes be blood. Another symptom is the different shape between one breast and another, which did not exist before. Having the breast swollen, red, hot and itchy. In addition to some wounds that don’t heal and a bad smell.
Nodules may also appear in the armpits, as the lymph nodes in the two regions communicate.
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Types of breast cancer
There are different types of breast cancer, depending on its development. Some are more aggressive than others. The main ones are:
- Ductal carcinoma in situ – known as DCIS;
- Lobular carcinoma in situ – known as LCIS;
- Invasive ductal carcinoma known as CDI, which accounts for about 80% of invasive or invasive breast cancers;
- Invasive lobular carcinoma known as CLI;
- Inflammatory breast carcinoma is an aggressive but very rare cancer.
In addition to these, some such as medullary carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, tubular carcinoma and malignant phyllodes tumor are even rarer.
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Breast cancer treatment
It varies depending on the type, stage and severity. The oncologist will choose one or a combination of several treatments. Which can be carried out through the SUS, city oncology centers or privately.
Generally, treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery to remove the tumor occur. The order of treatment depends on the conditions under which the tumor was diagnosed.
In the case of surgeries, it also varies. The entire breast, or part of it, may be removed. It may be necessary to remove the lymph nodes in the armpit (if they have been affected).
Depending on the case, treatment can be continued after surgery, to eliminate or prevent the progression of the disease – which also depends on the severity of the tumor.
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How to prevent breast cancer
Having a healthy lifestyle is the first step towards preventing not only breast cancer, but also many other diseases. It is recommended that you have a healthy diet, with fruits, vegetables and greens. In addition to regular physical exercise. Avoid drinking alcohol and eliminate cigarettes.
To effectively prevent breast cancer, mammograms must be performed regularly. And annually between 50 and 69 years of age. This time can be extended up to 2 years between each exam, especially if the woman does not have any risk factors or changes in her breast. Women over 35 years of age and with risk factors should have a mammogram every year.
It is also important to perform a breast self-examination at least once a month. Especially 3 to 5 days after menstruation ends. The importance of self-examination is always recalled, annually, in the Pink October campaign.
Source: Your Health
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