Bunion surgery: when to do it, recovery and risks

Bunion surgery is performed when other forms of treatment have not shown results and, therefore, aims to definitively correct deformity caused by bunion. hallux valgusthe scientific name by which the bunion is known, and relieve discomfort.

The type of surgery used may vary according to the person’s age and the type of deformation caused by the bunion, however, in most cases it involves cutting the big toe bone and placing the toe in the correct location. The new position of the toe is usually fixed using an internal screw, but may also be accompanied by the application of a prosthesis.

Generally, bunion surgery is performed in the orthopedist’s office under local anesthesia and, therefore, it is possible to return home a few hours after the end of the surgery.

Before and after surgery

When to have surgery

Surgery to treat a bunion is typically performed when no other form of treatment has been able to alleviate the discomfort and limitations caused by the change in the big toe.

In most cases, surgery is performed when the pain is very intense and constant, but it can also be considered when there are other signs such as:

• Chronic swelling of the big toe;
• Deformation of the other toes;
• Difficulty walking;
• Difficulty bending or straightening the big toe.

This surgery should be avoided when it is performed only for aesthetic reasons and there are no symptoms, as there is a high risk of persistent pain after surgery. Therefore, it is always recommended to opt for other forms of treatment first, such as using orthopedic insoles and performing exercises.

Watch the following video and see some exercises to relieve bunion pain:

What is recovery like from surgery?

Recovery time varies depending on the type of surgery, as well as the quality of the bone and general health. In the case of percutaneous surgery, many patients may already be able to place their foot on the ground using a special shoe, known as an “Augusta sandal”, which relieves pressure on the operated site. In other cases, recovery may take up to 6 weeks.

You also need to take some care, such as avoiding putting too much weight on the foot, keeping the foot elevated for the first 7 to 10 days and applying cold compresses to reduce swelling and pain. When taking a shower, it is recommended to put on a plastic bag, protecting your foot from the water, to avoid getting the bandages wet.

In addition, the orthopedist also prescribes analgesic medications to reduce post-operative pain, which can also be alleviated by undergoing physiotherapy, skin less, twice a week.

During recovery from surgery, you should gradually return to daily activities at home and be alert to signs of complications, such as fever, exaggerated swelling or severe pain at the surgery site, contacting an orthopedist if they arise.

Post-operative shoes

What shoes to choose

During the post-operative period, it is necessary to use your own shoes recommended by your doctor for at least 2 to 4 weeks. After this period, preference should be given to running shoes or shoes that are not too tight and comfortable.

Possible risks of surgery

Bunion surgery is quite safe, however, like any other surgery there is always some risk of:

• Bleeding;
• Local infections;
• Nerve injuries.

Furthermore, even if the bunion does not return, there are also some cases in which constant pain and stiffness may appear in the toe, and several physiotherapy sessions may be necessary to improve the result.