First aid for chemical burns (and when to see a doctor)

In the case of a chemical burn, it is important that the substance is removed from the skin and that the area is in contact with ice water for around 10 minutes. You can then place gauze on the area to protect the area and go to the nearest emergency room so that the area can be better evaluated.

Chemical burns can occur when you come into direct contact with corrosive substances, such as acids, caustic soda, other strong cleaning products, thinners or gasoline, for example.

Normally, after the burn, the skin becomes very red and has a burning sensation, however, these signs can take up to a few hours to appear.

First aid for chemical burn

When you come into contact with a corrosive chemical substance, it is advised that:

1. Remove the chemical substance that is causing the burn, using gloves and a clean cloth, for example;
2. Remove all clothing or accessories contaminated by the chemical substance;
3. Place the area under ice water for at least 10 minutes. In some cases it may be more practical to take a cold shower;
4. Apply gauze or clean bandage without tightening it too much. Another option is to place some cling film over the area, but without pressing it too tightly;

Furthermore, if the burn continues to cause pain for a long time, painkillers, such as Paracetamol or Naproxen, can be used to alleviate the discomfort. It is also important that the person goes to the nearest emergency room so that the area can be evaluated and whether it is necessary to use healing and soothing ointments.

When to go to the doctor

In many cases, chemical burns can be treated at home without any specific medical treatment. However, it is recommended to go to the emergency room when:

• Other symptoms appear, such as fainting, fever or difficulty breathing;
• Pain and discomfort increase over time;
• The burn affects more than the first layer of skin;
• The burned area is larger than a foot;
• The burn occurred in the eyes, hands, feet or intimate area.

Hospital treatment may involve the use of intravenous serum and, in some cases, it may even be necessary to reconstruct the burned skin with plastic surgery.

Care after the burn

After a chemical burn, it is recommended to avoid exposing your skin to the sun, as well as avoiding close contact with heat sources, such as ovens or getting into hot cars parked in the sun. In addition, moisturizers should be applied to the area every day to hydrate the skin and facilitate the healing process.

Learn more about bandaging skin burns.